Section
| HS Code | 455265 |
| Product Name | Siloen DA 290 |
| Product Type | Fluorosilicone Antifoam Solution |
| Solvent System | Solvent-Based |
| Chemical Composition | Fluorosilicone compound dissolved in an organic solvent |
| Physical State | Liquid |
| Appearance | Clear to slightly hazy liquid |
| Color | Colorless to pale yellow |
| Active Matter | Fluorosilicone antifoam active content |
| Viscosity At 25 C | Low to medium viscosity liquid |
| Density At 20 C | Approximately 0.85-1.10 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | Typical flash point above 23°C depending on solvent system |
| Solubility | Soluble in most organic solvents; insoluble in water |
| Foam Suppression Efficiency | High foam control in solvent-based resin, ink, paint, and coating systems |
| Surface Tension Property | Strongly reduces foam film elasticity through fluorosilicone surface activity |
| Compatibility | Compatible with most solvent-based coating and resin compositions |
| Recommended Usage Level | Typically 0.05-1.0% of final formulation weight |
| Shelf Life | Stable for at least 12 months when stored properly in sealed original container |
As an accredited Siloen DA 290 Fluorosilicone Antifoam Solution–Solvent-Based Systems factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg pails and 200 kg drums; sealed, solvent-resistant packaging ensures safe delivery of Siloen DA 290 antifoam. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load Siloen DA 290 in a 20-foot FCL: secure upright drums on pallets, segregate properly, ensure ventilation due to solvent-based flammability. |
| Shipping | Shipping: Siloen DA 290 is typically a flammable liquid dangerous good—UN 1263, Class 3—due to its solvent content. Pack in UN-approved grounded containers; keep upright, away from ignition, oxidizers, and heat. Exact classification/packing group (usually II or III) must be confirmed from the current SDS. |
| Storage | Store Siloen DA 290 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, flames, and ignition sources. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use and protect it from physical damage. Store away from strong oxidizers and incompatible materials. Follow all local regulations and ensure secondary containment is available to prevent spills. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 12 months from manufacture date when stored unopened in original containers under recommended conditions. |
In high-speed reverse-roll application of polyester-melamine solventborne coil coatings, air is introduced through drum transfer pumps, canister filters, and the counter-rotating roll nip. Siloen DA 290 is introduced at 0.05–0.15 wt% of total liquid coating, diluted 1:10 in the aromatic hydrocarbon diluent stream before let-down. Addition above 0.20 wt% creates transverse ribbing and dewetting craters on a 100–120 m/min coil line; the defect is visible only after curing and results in rejection of entire master coils. For architectural exterior building products, compliance is demonstrated through ASTM D4145-10 flexibility after accelerated weathering and EN 13523-24:2017 block resistance, while corrosion resistance after foam-induced pinholes is assessed by ISO 9227:2017 neutral salt spray. The downstream production process consists of a three-roll reverse coater applying 18–22 µm dry film onto hot-dip galvanized strip, followed by a 25–35 s cure at 232–249 °C peak metal temperature. Terminal products include pre-painted steel strip for architectural cladding, appliance wrapper panels, and garage door profiles, where surface pinholes act as corrosion initiation points at cut edges.
High-solids nitrocellulose/polyurethane lamination inks in ester/alcohol solvent blends generate stable microfoam inside enclosed doctor blade chambers at gravure cylinder speeds above 180 m/min; the foam persists because ink circulation pumps return aerated ink directly into the print station. Siloen DA 290 is used at 0.10–0.40 wt% of press-ready ink and is diluted 1:10 in ethyl acetate/n-propanol before addition during final viscosity adjustment. Loadings above 0.50 wt% do not improve bubble control and have been associated with skipped dot patterns at 50–70 lines/cm engraving because the solvent-based fluorosilicone depresses dynamic surface tension below the level required for complete cell filling. Compliance for food-contact printed film is evaluated under EU 10/2011 and the EuPIA Suitability List; retained solvent and VOC determinations follow ISO 11890-2:2020, and migration testing of the finished laminate must account for the fluorosilicone species. The production process involves ink circulation through an enclosed doctor blade chamber, a gravure cylinder with 50–70 lines/cm engraving, in-line drying at 60–85 °C, and subsequent adhesive lamination. Terminal products are BOPP and PET flexible packaging laminates, preprint labels, and outer film for wet wiping products, where retained microfoam in reverse print appears as white speckling and reduces printed density.
Across flat-line finishing of solventborne pre-catalyzed polyurethane wood coatings, air is entrained in the circulation loop during viscosity adjustment and appears as microfoam only after curtain coating on sealed MDF. Siloen DA 290 is added at 0.05–0.20 wt% of the total wood coating, diluted 1:10 in butyl acetate before incorporation; above 0.25 wt%, surface tension reduction below 20 mN/m causes edge retraction along shaped cabinet door profiles and lowers recoat adhesion as measured by ISO 2409:2020. The application viscosity is held at 45–55 s DIN flow cup 4 mm at 20 °C, and the coating is applied by a single-head curtain coater at 120–150 g/m² wet film on MDF panels at 60–90 m/min, followed by forced-air drying at 25–35 °C and stack cool-down before sanding. Contract furniture finishes are verified against chemical and mechanical resistance requirements in DIN 68861-1:2011 and DIN EN 12720:2013; VOC content is controlled under Directive 2004/42/EC. Terminal products are flat-pack furniture, kitchen cabinet doors, and retail fixture panels in which pinholes or microfoam streaks disrupt the closed-pore film appearance.
Two-component polyurethane laminating adhesives based on methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and polyester polyols, diluted with ethyl acetate to 18–25 s Zahn #2 cup at 25 °C, retain air from high-speed mixing and roller transfer; the air forms irregular bond lines after oven drying if not broken. Siloen DA 290 is introduced at 0.10–0.30 wt% of the diluted adhesive, but it is not added neat to the isocyanate component because localized solvent shock can precipitate oligomers; the antifoam is predispersed 1:10 in ethyl acetate and mixed into the polyol side before component combination. For food-contact laminates, the cured adhesive is formulated and evaluated under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and EU 10/2011, with migration test conditions selected according to retort, hot-fill, or room-temperature use. The downstream process uses a gravure cylinder adhesive station applying 30–50 µm wet film, a 70–100 °C drying tunnel, and a laminating nip at 70–90 °C; bond strength develops over 24–48 h at 40 °C. Terminal products are retort pouches, stand-up pouches, and high-barrier film laminates for processed meat and liquid detergent refills, where foam-derived voids lead to tunneling during in-pouch thermal treatment.
Because high-speed rotary bell atomizers on solventborne automotive basecoat lines entrain air in the low-viscosity polyester-melamine feed at 40,000–60,000 min⁻¹, retained air forms micro-blisters and solvent pops after clearcoat application. Siloen DA 290 is metered into the basecoat at 0.03–0.10 wt% of total basecoat; in two-component polyurethane clearcoats the addition is limited to 0.02–0.08 wt% because concentrations above 0.10 wt% reduce intercoat adhesion after humidity exposure. The basecoat is applied at 20–30 s Ford #4 cup at 20 °C as a 35–50 µm wet film, followed by flash-off at 60–80 °C and clearcoat bake at 140–150 °C for 20–30 min. Adhesion and defect resistance are evaluated by ASTM D3359-17 and ISO 2409:2020 after 500 h of ASTM D4585-18 humidity exposure, while chip resistance is tested under ASTM D3170-17 and gloss retention under ASTM D523-14. Terminal products are Class A body panels, bumper fascias, and exterior trim for OEM vehicle assembly and Tier 1 lines, where foam-induced craters trigger finesse sanding or full repaint at production scales.
High-build epoxy intumescent coatings generate foam through two distinct mechanisms: plural-component airless spray shear and amine curing agent exotherm during induction. Siloen DA 290 is added at 0.05–0.20 wt% of the mixed base component, predispersed in xylene or butyl acetate to avoid amine blush seeding; addition above 0.20 wt% may reduce char expansion, although published quantitative data for this specific configuration with Siloen DA 290 is limited, so production-scale validation is required. Fire resistance of the applied system is verified according to EN 13381-8:2013 or ASTM E119-22, and the steel substrate is prepared to Sa 2.5 with a 50–75 µm anchor profile per ISO 8501-1:2007; comparative char screening uses ISO 5660-1:2019. The downstream process applies the mixed material through a 45:1 or 56:1 plural-component airless pump with an 18–22 mm spray tip, depositing up to 500 µm dry film per coat. Terminal products are structural steel columns and beams for commercial high-rise buildings, oil and gas modules, and infrastructure projects, where retained foam bubbles collapse into pinholes that reduce the insulating char thickness under fire loading.
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In high-solids alkyd, acrylic, and two-component polyurethane solvent-borne formulations, foam is a process defect rather than an intrinsic resin property. Siloen DA 290 is introduced as a solvent-borne fluorosilicone antifoam solution in which the continuous phase is an organic solvent blend rather than water. The model designation identifies a fluorosilicone copolymer active delivered as a pourable liquid. The product is intended for solvent-based coatings, gravure and flexographic inks, industrial adhesives, and resin intermediate applications where foam destabilization must occur without depositing hydrophilic residues or generating haze in clear films. Because the active polymer is supplied in solution, the processor avoids the predispersion step required with paste, powder, or silica-loaded antifoam compounds.
A fluorosilicone defoamer functions when its spreading coefficient S = γ_foam − γ_antifoam − γ_interface is positive. The fluorinated segments lower the equilibrium surface tension of the antifoam phase, while the siloxane backbone provides controlled partial solubility in the resin medium. If the product dissolves completely into an alkyd or acrylic solution, the separate droplet phase is lost and foam collapse becomes inefficient. If the product remains completely insoluble, cratering and recoat adhesion loss can occur. Siloen DA 290 is formulated so that the carrier solvent and active fluorosilicone together maintain this partial solubility window in aromatic, ketone, and ester solvent systems.
Conventional polydimethylsiloxane antifoams typically exhibit equilibrium surface tensions near 21 mN/m at 25 °C. That value is sufficient for many mineral oil and aromatic solvent systems, but the differential can become marginal in low-energy solvent-based coatings containing fluorinated wetting agents, high-boiling aromatics, or high resin surface elasticity. Fluorosilicone antifoams reduce the equilibrium surface tension further and improve spreading across alkyl resin monolayers. This difference is measurable by the Du Noüy ring method of ASTM D1331-14, by pendant-drop tensiometry, or by contact angle measurement under ASTM D7334. The practical consequence is that Siloen DA 290 can retain defoaming action in systems where a dimethylsilicone product fails to spread. Published quantitative surface tension data for this specific product are limited; comparative evaluation against the incumbent defoamer should be made at the same non-volatile concentration.
Organic defoamers based on mineral oil, acrylic copolymers, or polyacrylate esters may provide good compatibility in high-gloss clears, but they generally require higher addition levels and may shift viscosity, yellowing resistance, or dry-film clarity. Siloen DA 290 differs by delivering a fluorosilicone active at a lower concentration of surface-active material. The fluorosilicone also exhibits higher thermal and oxidative stability than many mineral oil and polyether defoamers, which is relevant in solvent-recovery loops and in formulations held at 50–60 °C during extended storage or distillation cycles. Compared with silica-loaded silicone compounds, a solution product is less likely to plug low-micron filtration units or accumulate in narrow recirculation lines.
In production mixing, the product is added to the finished solvent-borne blend under low-shear agitation, typically in the range 0.05–0.5 wt% of total batch weight. It is not intended as a grind-phase addition for high-shear pigment dispersion. If the antifoam is incorporated during a Cowles disperser pass at tip speeds above 18 m/s, the droplet size of the fluorosilicone phase can be reduced below the critical mean diameter required for lamella destabilization. The result is a loss of defoaming efficiency and an increase in haze in clear formulations. Addition should instead be made after letdown when the batch temperature is below 40 °C and when 10–15 min of low-speed propeller or side-entry agitator mixing is available to distribute the product without over-emulsification. These guidelines derive from standard solvent-borne liquid additive dispersion practice and should be confirmed for individual batch geometry.
Because Siloen DA 290 is solvent-based, the flash point and vapor pressure are controlled by the diluent package rather than by the fluorosilicone active. Non-volatile content is determined by ISO 3251; density at 20 °C is measured by ISO 2811-1; flash point is determined by ISO 3679; and rotational viscosity at 25 °C is measured by ASTM D2196. These test methods confirm that a delivered batch remains within the supplier specification. The certificate of analysis provides batch-specific values, and processors should not substitute nominal literature values for the batch certificate. The solvent carrier also influences evaporation rate from the applied film and therefore interacts with recoat intervals in multi-coat systems.
| Specification axis | Reference method | Purpose in fluorosilicone antifoam control |
|---|---|---|
| Non-volatile content | ISO 3251 | Confirms the fluorosilicone active delivered after solvent evaporation; supports dosing by weight. |
| Density at 20 °C | ISO 2811-1 | Used for volume-to-weight conversion in automated dosing loops. |
| Flash point | ISO 3679 | Defines storage, ventilation, and flammable-liquid handling conditions. |
| Viscosity at 25 °C | ASTM D2196 | Controls pumpability and low-shear metering behavior. |
| Surface tension of diluted solution | ASTM D1331-14 | Quantifies interfacial activity relative to resin solutions. |
When volumetric dosing is used, the batch-specific density from ISO 2811-1 should be corrected for temperature because solvent expansion between 15 °C and 30 °C can shift volumetric delivery by several percent. In-line metering pumps calibrated at 20 °C may therefore underdose or overdose during seasonal temperature changes. This threshold is especially relevant in automated coating plants where the additive is metered into a circulating feed tank rather than charged manually.
The highest risk in high-gloss solvent-borne clearcoats occurs when the antifoam level is raised to suppress microfoam, but the resulting fluorosilicone migration creates a low-energy monolayer at the clearcoat surface. Subsequent coat application may show wetting defects, and intercoat adhesion may fall below specification. This failure mode is observed in two-component polyurethane clears and in acrylic-urethane basecoat/clearcoat assemblies. The operational boundary for Siloen DA 290 in such systems is therefore less about the onset of foam control and more about the maximum residual fluorosilicone surface concentration that still permits acceptable wetting of the next layer. A ladder trial should be run with 0.05–0.5 wt% additions, measuring liquid foam density, dry-film microfoam, specular gloss, and intercoat adhesion. For adhesion, ISO 2409 or ASTM D3359 is applicable. For specular gloss and haze, ASTM D523 or ISO 2813 is used. Contact angle measurement under ASTM D7334 may be used to track migrated surface layers at low addition levels.
When cratering appears after dosage escalation, the corrective action is not to add more defoamer but to improve dispersion. A short post-add mixing pass with a side-entry agitator or a low-speed propeller distributes the product without generating sub-micron droplets. If the batch has been over-sheared, foam may persist because the droplet population is too fine to bridge the lamella. Critical droplet size should be established empirically by microscopic examination of the wet formulation at 200× magnification. Published data for this specific configuration are limited.
In solvent-borne flexographic and gravure inks, foam can reduce print density and cause pinholes at high press speeds. The product is added to the letdown ink at the press return tank, often beginning at 0.1–0.3 wt%, because high-speed pumping and ink recirculation continuously reintroduce air. In solvent-based adhesives, bubbles in the adhesive film produce bondline voids and reduce lap-shear strength, measurable through ASTM D1002 for metal adherends. In solvent-borne industrial coatings, application by spray or curtain coater intensifies air entrainment, and the antifoam is evaluated by foam height versus time in a controlled agitation test referencing ASTM D892, although that method was originally developed for lubricating oils rather than resin solutions. The same evaluation should include a dry-film appearance panel because solvent-borne foam damage is often visible only after solvent evaporation.
Compliance status must be confirmed against the current safety data sheet and product regulatory dossier. The fluorosilicone active is not automatically food-contact approved; direct and indirect food-contact applications require supplier confirmation against 21 CFR or analogous national positive lists. The solvent-borne nature also requires verification of REACH registration and local VOC content for the intended application. Siloen DA 290 should not be used in waterborne or radiation-curable systems without prior phase-compatibility testing. Storage should exclude ignition sources, galvanized or unlined steel containers should be avoided where the solvent package is sensitive to trace metal contamination, and partial containers should be blanketed with dry nitrogen if extended inventory life is required.
