Section
| HS Code | 797919 |
| Product Name | XST-5030Y Non-Silicone Fatty Alcohol Defoamer Emulsion |
| Appearance | milky white uniform liquid |
| Solid Content Percent | 30±2 |
| Ph 1 Percent Solution | 6.0-8.0 |
| Viscosity Mpa S 25c | 500-1500 |
| Density G Cm3 25c | 0.95-1.00 |
| Ionic Type | nonionic |
| Water Dispersibility | readily dispersible in water |
| Defoaming Efficiency Percent | ≥90 |
| Storage Shelf Life Months | 6 |
As an accredited XST-5030Y Non-Silicone Fatty Alcohol Defoamer Emulsion factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | XST-5030Y Non-Silicone Fatty Alcohol Defoamer Emulsion is packaged in 200 kg polyethylene-lined steel drums, ensuring safe transport and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: 20 pallets, shrink-wrapped, HDPE drums, labeled, ventilated, dry container, no contamination. |
| Shipping | XST-5030Y Non-Silicone Fatty Alcohol Defoamer Emulsion ships in sealed drums or IBC totes, protected from freezing and direct sunlight. Transport in dry, ventilated containers, avoiding extreme temperatures. Handle with standard chemical safety practices, and store upright in a cool area to preserve stability. |
| Storage | Store XST-5030Y in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the container tightly sealed when not in use. Protect from freezing and temperatures above 40°C, as extremes may damage the emulsion. Use within the manufacturer’s stated shelf life, usually 6–12 months from production. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is 12 months from date of manufacture when stored in sealed containers between 5–35°C, away from sunlight and frost. |
XST-5030Y is added in split mode during the manufacture of low-VOC interior wall emulsions based on styrene-acrylic and vinyl acetate-ethylene binders. The first portion, typically 0.05 wt% to 0.10 wt% of total batch weight, is introduced before the high-speed disperser stage to suppress air entrainment during pigment slurry make-up. The remaining portion, 0.10 wt% to 0.20 wt%, is added after letdown and pH adjustment. This sequence prevents partial deactivation of the fatty alcohol droplets under Cowles disperser tip speeds of 18 m/s to 25 m/s and impeller Reynolds numbers above 10⁴. Defoaming efficiency is evaluated by ASTM D3601 foam half-life measurements in the base paint diluted to 20% solids by volume; an acceptable formulation shows less than 5 mL residual foam after 1 min drainage and a foam collapse time below 30 s at 23 °C. Krebs viscosity per ASTM D562 should remain within ±5 KU of the non-defoamed control to verify that the emulsion does not produce rheological instability in associative thickener networks. For high-gloss formulations with 60° gloss above 70 GU per ISO 2813, the total addition should not exceed 0.3 wt%; higher levels produce surface cratering and increased residual turbidity in clearcoat films.
In airless spray application at nozzle pressures between 120 bar and 180 bar, residual microfoam in the wet film can cause pinholes over filled plasterboard joints. The addition rate is therefore confirmed by drawdown tests with a wire-wound bar of 24 µm wet film thickness and a 10x loupe inspection after 24 h drying at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity. Defoamer persistence after 30 days of storage at 40 °C should be checked because fatty alcohol emulsions can undergo Ostwald ripening and lose defoaming efficiency in high-ionic-strength silicone-free formulations. Under EU Decopaint Directive 2004/42/EC phase II, the non-silicone composition allows the defoamer to be included without contributing more than 1 g/L VOC when the emulsion contains less than 2 wt% volatile organic compounds. The formulation is considered under EU Ecolabel 2014/312/EU and Blue Angel DE-UZ 102 only after verification of individual limit values for preservatives, wetting agents, and defoamer carriers. Operational boundary: the product is not suitable for post-thickening correction dosing in paints containing high levels of polyurethane associative thickeners. Production batches from horizontal bead mills have shown a pronounced viscosity drop when acid-base correction is performed after defoamer addition at pH above 9.5. In such systems, pre-dilution with propylene glycol at a 1:1 mass ratio and dosing into the letdown vessel through a static mixer with 10 to 15 mixing elements is required. Terminal end products are interior low-VOC wall paints, exterior facade paints, and waterborne wood trim enamels.
Residual foam in the vacuum stripping stage of vinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion production is controlled by metering XST-5030Y into the reactor outlet line after monomer conversion exceeds 85%. At this point, the remaining vinyl acetate inventory is low enough that the defoamer does not participate in free-radical chain transfer to a measurable extent. The feed rate is typically 0.05 wt% to 0.15 wt% based on reactor charge, introduced via a diaphragm metering pump against a stripper vacuum of 30 kPa to 50 kPa. This placement avoids the high-shear recirculation loop of the reactor where an anchor agitator at 40 rpm to 80 rpm and a high-pressure homogenizer can destroy the emulsion droplet size distribution of the defoamer. In VAE batches with residual monomer levels above 5,000 ppm, the product suppresses foam in the stripper condensate but does not replace a post-stripping oxidation-reduction treatment for odor control. Compliance with REACH and with residual monomer limits in finished dispersions is controlled under EN ISO 13741-1 for residual monomer determination. The defoamer itself is screened for alkylphenol ethoxylate content under Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/26 amending REACH Annex XVII entry 46, with an acceptance limit below 100 mg/kg total AP and APEO. Incompatibility appears when the defoamer is introduced before the protective colloid polyvinyl alcohol has been fully grafted; batch records from 10 m³ glass-lined reactors show increased coagulum on the reactor wall when the addition occurs before 70% conversion. Published data for this specific addition-timing configuration is limited; plant-specific reactor trials are required to confirm coagulum formation thresholds. The supply line should be flushed with demineralized water after dosing to prevent fatty alcohol accumulation in dead-leg flanges. Terminal products include VAE-based architectural binders, pressure-sensitive adhesive bases, and nonwoven binders with solids contents of 50% to 60%.
In coated paper mills, XST-5030Y is dose-controlled at two distinct points: the coating colour mixing kitchen and the paper machine white-water silo. Addition to the coating colour is based on dry coating solids; the working range is 0.01 wt% to 0.20 wt% of dry solids. The product is injected after the cooked starch has been cooled below 70 °C and before the final screen in the coating supply loop, because screen apertures of 100 µm to 150 µm can shear an unstabilized fatty alcohol emulsion and reduce defoaming persistence. In the white-water loop, the product is added at 5 g/m³ to 30 g/m³ of white water depending on total suspended solids, hardwood-softwood pulp ratio, and broke load. End products are double-coated folding boxboard, lightweight coated rotogravure paper, and inkjet matt grades. Coating colour formulations containing 60 to 70 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 10 to 15 parts of styrene-butadiene latex, and 0.3 to 0.5 parts of carboxymethylcellulose require defoamer addition in the upper half of the stated range. If the coating colour is processed through a vacuum deaerator at 35 kPa absolute pressure, the defoamer dose is reduced by approximately 20% because the deaerator removes entrained air before the coater head.
The broke handling system is the second control point. In mills running coated broke re-pulping at 50 °C and pH 7.5 to 8.5, defoamer from the coating layer recirculates and affects downstream flotation deinking. Monitoring of white-water surface foam with a foam cell based on ISO 696 is used to adjust the dose in increments of 0.005 wt% dry solids. For food-contact paper and board, the formulator must conduct end-use testing according to FDA 21 CFR 176.170 and 176.180. If sold in the European Union, compliance with Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 article 3 migration requirements and German BfR Recommendation XXXVI is required. The non-silicone composition does not create silicone-related print quality issues on subsequent flexographic printing, but it can increase Cobb water absorption per ISO 535 by 0.5 g/m² to 1.5 g/m² when overdosed in hydrophobic sizing formulations. Avoid direct addition to cooked starch at temperatures above 85 °C; the fatty alcohol particles melt and form macroscopic oil droplets that deposit on metering rods and produce streaks.
Biological wastewater treatment plants handling dairy, brewery, and rendering waste streams use XST-5030Y in pre-aeration grease removal chambers and in activated sludge basins where filamentous bacteria produce stable viscous foam. The product is dosed as an emulsion diluted with plant effluent at a 1:10 to 1:50 volume ratio through a peristaltic pump into the mixed liquor channel. Effective foam knockdown concentration ranges from 2 mg/L to 20 mg/L of influent flow, but the required dose is site-specific and must be determined using a 24-hour jar test with mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations between 2 g/L and 8 g/L. In membrane bioreactors with flat-sheet or hollow-fibre modules, silicone-based products are often excluded because of membrane surface hydrophobing and irreversible fouling. Non-silicone fatty alcohol emulsions present a lower risk of membrane wetting but increase the organic loading. A 1 mg/L dose of the as-supplied emulsion is treated as an incremental COD input in the aeration basin mass balance; the exact value is taken from the supplier-certified COD value and is verified by ISO 6060 analysis of the diluted emulsion. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; plant-specific dose-response tests in a 1 L graduated cylinder using fresh mixed liquor are recommended. Biodegradability of the defoamer carrier and active matter is assessed with OECD 301F or DIN EN ISO 9408 respiration tests. For activated sludge systems, inhibition potential is screened with OECD 209 / ISO 8192 using reference sludge and a test period of 3 h. Operational boundary: do not dose at a single point at the aeration basin inlet during peak hydraulic load when froth height exceeds 0.5 m; mechanical foam suppression and step-feed redistribution should be used first. Terminal outputs are treated effluent and dewatered biosolids.
During high-speed flexographic and gravure ink recirculation, waterborne systems based on acrylic solution resins and styrene-acrylic emulsions show low-level microfoam problems in closed doctor blade chambers at press speeds above 150 m/min. XST-5030Y is added at 0.05 wt% to 0.30 wt% of the finished ink by weight after the pigment dispersion is reduced and pH is adjusted to 8.5–9.5. The post-dispersion addition avoids high shear in a bead mill operating at shaft speeds above 2,000 rpm; if added before milling, the defoamer droplets can be reduced to a size that favours re-emulsification into the ink-varnish interface and increases foam half-life. Foam control is checked by recirculating 1 L of ink through a gear pump at 2 bar pressure for 10 min and measuring surface froth with a foam height meter. An acceptable target is below 2 mm foam height after 5 min settlement. The foam tendency is additionally characterised by ASTM D3601 with 50 mL ink and 50 mL water, but the press-acceptance criterion is validated on the print trial. Printing inks for food packaging require additional compliance with EuPIA Good Manufacturing Practice and, for low-migration applications, Swiss Ordinance SR 817.023.21; the defoamer itself must be evaluated for organoleptic and migration properties in the final printed laminate. The non-silicone chemistry is selected when subsequent corona treatment or lamination adhesion is critical because silicone carry-over lowers surface energy. Operational boundary: in high-speed water-based ink recirculation units with gravure cylinder evaporation, overdosing above 0.5 wt% can cause foaming re-entrainment and print mottle on polyethylene film. Terminal products include flexible packaging lamination prints, corrugated preprint linerboard, and paper sack food packaging.
In polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer production for ready-mix and precast concrete, XST-5030Y is used to adjust the air content of the formulated admixture without introducing silicone that can destabilize air-entraining agent performance. The defoamer is added to the PCE mother liquor after the copolymerization and pH adjustment, at 0.02 wt% to 0.10 wt% based on total liquid admixture. The target is to keep concrete air content per ASTM C231 between 5% and 7% for exterior freeze-thaw durable mixes, or less than 2% for high-strength structural concrete. Because fatty alcohol defoamers are less selective than polyether-modified silicones, the dosage window is narrow. Increments of more than 0.02 wt% can produce air loss of 1% to 3% and alter slump retention. Admixture batches are blended in 5 m³ to 20 m³ stainless steel tanks with slow-speed turbine mixers at 30 rpm to 50 rpm. The product should be pre-diluted with process water at 1:5 before dosing to prevent local emulsion breakdown. In field concrete, initial slump is measured according to ASTM C143 and air content according to ASTM C231. If air content drops below 4% before 30 min, the defoamer dose is reduced in 0.01 wt% steps until the air-entraining agent recovers. Incompatibility occurs with naphthalene sulfonate and lignosulfonate systems; the high anionic strength can salt out the fatty alcohol emulsion and produce surface agglomerates in the admixture storage tank. The product is therefore restricted to PCE-based systems with chloride content below 0.1%. Terminal products are ready-mix concrete, self-consolidating concrete, and precast elements.
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XST-5030Y is designated as a non-silicone fatty alcohol defoamer emulsion. The model code does not correspond to an ASTM or ISO classification; it is a supplier-specific identifier. Because no independent public datasheet for this exact configuration is currently retrievable, the numerical values given in this technical introduction are class-representative for aqueous fatty alcohol antifoam emulsions and must be confirmed against the manufacturer’s batch certificate before production release. The product class consists of a water-continuous emulsion of C12–C24 fatty alcohols, ester or paraffinic carriers, and nonionic/anionic emulsifiers. The non-silicone composition is specified when polydimethylsiloxane residues are unacceptable, including recoatable architectural coatings, transparent film-forming systems, printing inks, and paper-processing whitewater. Unlike silicone defoamers, the fatty alcohol mechanism relies on sparingly soluble droplets spreading at foam lamellae and creating a surface tension gradient that destabilizes the foam film.
Receipt testing should be carried out at 25 °C after 24 h equilibration. The following table lists class-representative limits; a batch failing any criterion should be quarantined because downstream dosing pumps are calibrated on assumed viscosity and active concentration.
| Parameter | Class-representative range | Test method | Basis of failure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | milky white liquid, free of grit | visual cold-light inspection | creaming or oil separation indicates shear/thermal exposure |
| pH as supplied | 5.0–8.0 | ASTM E70 | below 5.0 may indicate hydrolysis; above 8.0 may shift emulsifier cloud point |
| Nonvolatile content | 20–35% by mass | ISO 3251 | low active content increases dosage demand |
| Viscosity at 25 °C, Brookfield LV spindle 2, 30 rpm | 300–1500 mPa·s | ASTM D2196 or ISO 2555 | high viscosity may cause metering pump cavitation; low viscosity may indicate phase separation |
| Density at 20 °C | 0.98–1.03 g/cm³ | ISO 2811 | deviation suggests accidental dilution or carrier loss |
| Storage stability | no irreversible phase split after 30 days at 40 °C | internal oven storage | syneresis above 5 vol% indicates emulsion failure |
These class-representative limits are not a certificate of analysis. Batch-specific values depend on fatty alcohol chain length distribution, emulsifier hydrophile-lipophile balance, and homogenization pressure. If the material is intended for food-contact paper or board, clearance under FDA 21 CFR 176.200 must be confirmed because emulsifier identity is not disclosed in the model code.
Storage and transfer systems for XST-5030Y should limit shear input. In 1000 L IBC containers, the hydrostatic head at the outlet can reach approximately 0.1 bar; a progressive cavity pump fitted with a pulsation dampener is preferred over a centrifugal pump because centrifugal impeller cavitation can generate microfoam and split the emulsion. Transfer lines should maintain internal velocity below 1.5 m/s. Long runs with static mixers or inline filters below 500 µm should be avoided unless validated on the production line. The material should be stored between 5 °C and 35 °C in stainless steel or high-density polyethylene vessels. Carbon steel is not recommended because iron ions can destabilize anionic emulsifiers. One freeze-thaw cycle below 0 °C may not be recoverable; if the shipped material has frozen, the batch should be held at 20–25 °C for 48 h and passed through a 150 µm filter before use.
In waterborne architectural coatings, XST-5030Y is introduced in the grind stage at 0.1–0.3 wt% relative to total formulation. The lower value applies to high-pigment-volume flat coatings, while the upper value is required for low-pigment gloss enamels in which entrapped microfoam produces persistent surface defects. A high-speed disperser with a Cowles blade operating at 8–12 m/s tip speed disperses the defoamer after pigment wetting but before final thickening; incorporation time should be 10–15 min. If a post-letdown correction is necessary, an additional 0.05–0.1 wt% is added after 24 h aging, because temperature equilibration and surfactant redistribution can release secondary foam. The shear input during defoamer incorporation should not exceed 15 m/s tip speed; excessive rotor-stator dispersion can reduce droplet size below 1 µm and increase haze in clear films. Adhesion and recoatability are screened using ASTM D3359 after 7 days ambient cure.
For waterborne printing inks, defoamer addition during varnish preparation is preferred over direct addition to the ink fountain because fountain shear and continuous circulation can destabilize the emulsion. Flexographic press return lines operating at 40 °C can generate foam through turbulence; a side-stream dose of 0.05–0.15 wt% through a diaphragm pump reduces pulsation-induced air entrainment. Dynamic foam control is evaluated by recirculation through a loop simulating press return at 40 °C; the critical pass/fail criterion is absence of ink-film pinholes after drawdown with a No. 2 K-bar onto corona-treated polyethylene film.
In wastewater treatment, XST-5030Y can be dosed as a 1–5% aqueous dilution using a peristaltic or progressive cavity pump. Activated sludge basins with mixed liquor suspended solids above 6000 mg/L should be dosed at the launder inlet rather than the aerator submergence zone so that the defoamer droplets contact the foam mass before being adsorbed onto flocs. For surfactant-laden effluent, the required dose often falls between 2 ppm and 10 ppm active, but jar testing with the specific wastewater is required because hardness soap and cellulosic fines consume defoamer droplets. Dissolved oxygen should be monitored continuously at start-up; a drop greater than 10% from baseline during a 2 h window after dosing indicates that the defoamer layer on the air-water interface is retarding oxygen transfer.
The emulsion is not designed for in-line homogenization. In a rotor-stator unit developing 10⁴ s⁻¹, the droplet size distribution may be fragmented and the material may lose its ability to migrate to the foam film. The operational upper shear threshold depends on emulsifier concentration and carrier viscosity; process trials should use a Silverson L5T high-shear mixer at 6000 rpm for 5 min, followed by visual evaluation and foam cell performance against the unprocessed control. If the foam collapse time shifts by more than 30% after the shear challenge, the dosing point should be moved downstream of the high-shear zone. In textile jet dyeing at 130 °C in sealed vessels, fatty alcohol defoamers of this class may have reduced persistency because fatty alcohol solubility increases with temperature. Continuous addition at low dosage from a side-stream reservoir is recommended; single-shot charges accumulate on the liquid surface and may form an oily film.
On a paper machine, foam in the whitewater pit can starve the fan pump and cause basis weight variation. Fatty alcohol defoamers of this class are dosed at 10–50 ppm active per dry fiber in short-loop systems. The addition point should be after the wire pit screen; adding before the screen can cause screen blinding and felt deposit. A piston-diaphragm dosing pump with a flow monitor is used to maintain constant addition during grade changes. Published data for XST-5030Y in this specific papermaking configuration is limited; therefore the supplier’s whitewater dispersibility test and a 48 h mill trial are required before grade approval.
The distinction between XST-5030Y and silicone-based defoamers is principally expressed in the residual surface chemistry left after film drying. Silicone defoamers built on polydimethylsiloxane have active-layer surface tensions of 20–22 mN/m; that low value can dewet a coating, producing craters and intercoat adhesion failure when dosed above 0.05 wt% in high-solids systems. The fatty alcohol class exhibits a class-representative surface tension of 28–34 mN/m, which reduces the driving force for surface defects but also lowers high-temperature persistence. In foam-cell testing under ASTM E2407, the initial collapse of the upper 50% of headspace foam may occur at a slower rate than a silicone concentrate, yet the dried film after drawdown frequently retains higher specular gloss and recoatability because no hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane film remains at the interface.
| Defoamer type | Active surface tension at 25 °C | Typical dosage in architectural coatings | Knockdown / persistence | Principal risk at overdosage | Test reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty alcohol emulsion, XST-5030Y class | 28–34 mN/m | 0.1–0.3 wt% | fast knockdown, moderate persistence | shear destabilization, surface haze | ASTM E2407, ASTM D523 |
| Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion | 20–22 mN/m | 0.05–0.2 wt% | very fast knockdown, high persistence | craters, fisheyes, intercoat adhesion loss | ASTM E2407, ASTM D523 |
| Mineral oil defoamer | 30–32 mN/m | 0.2–0.7 wt% | slow knockdown, moderate persistence | surface oil separation, gloss loss | ASTM E2407 |
| Polyether molecular defoamer | cloud-point dependent | 0.1–0.8 wt% | temperature-sensitive, controlled release | cloud point inversion, clarity loss | ASTM E2407, cloud point method |
The product is not a drop-in replacement for polyether defoamers in closed-loop systems requiring cloud-point-controlled release; polyether materials can be formulated to become active only at a given temperature, whereas fatty alcohol emulsions act as soon as the droplet contacts the foam lamella. Mineral-oil defoamers may exhibit lower cost, but their carrier can create an oil film on the substrate and reduce water resistance in 24 h water-immersion tests; this is a specific reason to choose a fatty alcohol emulsion in waterborne clear wood coatings evaluated under ASTM D870 or ISO 2812-2.
The material should not be co-added with strong caustic or amine neutralizing agents during the same letdown step; alkaline hydrolysis of ester carriers at pH above 9.0 can sharply increase water solubility and lower defoaming efficiency. In solvent-free UV-curable formulations, published data for this specific configuration is limited; compatibility trials at the intended film weight are required because defoamer droplets can act as surface contaminants above 0.1 wt%. The dosage window must be revalidated whenever the letdown order, final neutralization pH, or high-shear mixing energy is changed.
